Ư/ε ֽŵ
Ϻ Ѩ Դϴ.
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뿪ȭ•ȭ |
ֽȸ Ŀ •
ͳ εȭ Ǹ鼭 ݱ ϰ 麻 Ʈũ ؼ •뿪ȭ 䱸 Ŀ ִ. ֱ 1Ⱓ δ ȸ εȭ ִµ ַ ȸ DSL(Digital Subscriber Line) Ǿ.
ݱ ε ַ ̷ CATV ̿ ͳ ӵ DSL ϸ鼭 ̿ڸ ̰ ִ( 1). ̹ ̿ FTTH õǰ ִ.
̵ ȸ εȭ ϱ Ȱϰ ǰ ִ ֱ 麻 뿪ȭ ȭ ؼ ҰѴ.
麻 Ʈũ
1. 麻
Ϲ 麻̶ ȸ ϴ ȸ κ Ÿ. ͳ̳ 뼱 ϰ ݵ 麻 Ѵ. ̵ ÿ ϴ Ⱓ Ʈũ Ѵ. Ż Ⱓ ýۿ SDH/SONET(Synchronous Digital Hierarchy/Synchronous Optical Network) ý äǰ ־µ 麻 ۵ǰ ־.
ͳ Ʈ ʰ , ATM ʰ ʿ 뷮 Ű ϴ 䱸 þ WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing) ǰ ִ.
۹μ SDH/SONET ƴ϶ ̼ äϴ 쵵 ִ. ̷ 濡 Ʈũ ȭ ִ. ݱ ַ 뼱 ̽ ַ ̵ Ʈũ ȭ ý۰ ̿ǰ ־. ̷ LAN ʿ LAN ϰ ϴ 䱸 鼭 IP-VPN ̼ ǰ ִ. Ư ̼ ݱ Ǵ 뿪 ̿ ִٴ ȴٰ ȴ.
2. ̼ 麻
̼ ι̴(ISP) Ʈũ ũ װ ִ. , κ ͱ Ʈũ, Ϳ 麻 ͱ Ʈο Ʈũ, Ʈο ̸ ư ϴ 麻 Ʈũ, ISP ٸ ISP ϱ ܺ Ʈũ Ѵ
( 2).
ڳ ǰ ִ Ʈũ Ʈο Ʈũ Ʈũ 쵵 ִ. ؿ Ʈο 麻μ Բ Ǵ 쵵 ֱ Ʈο 麻 Ʈũ ؼ ϰ Ѵ.
ISP 麻 Ͱ ȣ ӵ Ǿ ִ. ISP Ʈũ Ը ǰ Ͽ Ͱ 踦 Ͽ Ʈũ ϰ ִ.
ֱ IP-VAN 麻μ MPLS(Multi Protocol Label Switching) ͳ 麻 ϴ ISP ϰ ִ.
Ⱓ Ʈũ 麻
1. WDM
ֱ ͳ 麻 ȸ Ͽ Ⱓ WDM ſ ϴ. ʱ WDM μ 1.3m 1.5m ̿ϴ ̾. ַ ǰ ִ WDM 1.5m ̿ϴ DWDM(Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing)̶ ϴ ̴. ITU-T ǥȭ Ǿµ ļ ؼ 100GHz Ǵ 50 GHz ݿ ϴ.
1Ŀ 뷮 2.5Gbps 10Gbps ̸ַ 40Gbps ġ ̹ ǿȭ ܰ迡 ִ. 40 ġ Ǿ 120160 ý۵ ȭǾ ִ.
, DWDM Ÿ ߽̾ ڿ Ÿ WDM 쵵 ִ. WDM ġ μ Ʈο ָǰ ִµ Ư CWDM (Coarse Wavelengh Division Multiplexing) ǰȭ ǰ ִ.
CWDM DWDM ؼ ̴߱. DWDM 1.55m 0.8mm Ǵ 0.4nm Ϳ ؼ CWDM 1.47m1.61m 20nm ̴. б ϱ µ ־ ڽƮ WDM ̿ ִ.
뿪 ϱ ߰ġ ̿ ǰ Ÿ ѵȴ.
̽δ WDM SDH/ SONET ƴ϶ ⰡƮ ̼ݵ ̿ CWDM ⰡƮ ̼ݰ Բ SAN (Storage Area Network) ̽ ϴ ǰ . CWDM Żڻ ƴ϶ ũ̹ ̿ Ϲ Ÿ ϰ ִ. ̷ ̵ WDM ̼ ߴ ϳ ǰ ִ.
2. ȯ
Ÿ ۿ ִ Ʈ-Ʈ DWDM ý ȿ ϱ ܰμ Ʈũȭ ִ. Ʈũȭ ʿ δ 忡 •и ʿϴ.
OADM(Optical Add Drop Multiplexer) 忡 •бϴ ġμ ߰豹 ʿ ߴܽŰ ̳ Ͽ ȯ ̿Ͽ ŷڼ Ȯ ִ.
Ը Ⱓ Ʈũ ȹ̶ ȿ 찡 . ̰ ϴ ġ OXC(Optical Cross Connect)̴.
OXC ũ Ÿ з ִ. Էµ Ī ٽ ȯϴ OEO(--) Ͱ ġ ̿ؼ ȣ ȯ ʰ Ī ϴ OOO(--) Ѵ. OEO OXC ؼ 簡 ǰȭ ϰ ִµ ̽ ȣ Ŀ ϰ ִ. SONET ̽(150Mbps~10Gbps) ǰ 40Gbps Ʈϰ ִ ͵ ִ. Ī 뷮 640Gbps~ Tbps 뷮ȭ ǰ ִ.
, OOO OXC Ī ϱ ȣ Ŀ ʴ Ư¡̴. ھ Ǵ Ī ǰ ִ. ֿ δ MEMS(Micro Electro-Mechanical System) ġ, ķ, ȵǰ ִµ ǰȭ ռ ִ MEMS̴. MEMS ġ ̼ ̷ Ʈ ġϿ ʿ ̷ ĸ ݻ ġ ϴ Ѵ. MEMS ġ 2 3 ̶ Ÿ ִ. ڴ Ʈ 10~100ä Ըȭ ʿϴ.
OOO OXC ̹ ǰȭǾ ִ ͵ OEO ؼ ڽƮ ַ OEO ǰ ִ. 1Ĵ 뷮 40Gbps ƮϿ ̿ ϸ OEO ۼű⳪ ġ ڽƮ Һ ϱ OOO ϰ ȴ.
ͳ 麻
1.
1990 ߹ݺ ϰ ͳ Ǹ鼭 麻 ȭ ȭǰ ִ. ⺻ δ Ŷ ϴ ɰ ȯϿ ϴ ִ. 麻 Ǵ Ϳ 䱸Ǵ ⺻ δ ִ.
(1) ̽ Ʈ (2) ó , ȭ (3)
̽ Ʈ WAN ̽ 2.4Gbps 10Gbps SDH/SONET ̽ ̹ Ǿ ִ. LAN ̽ ؼ 캸 ⰡƮ ̼ ǰ ִ ġ 10G ̼ ۵ǰ ִ ̴ܰ. ü Ī 뷮δ Gbps Ŭ~ Tbps 뷮ȭ ǰ ִ(ǥ 1).
Ī 뷮 ϳ ̽ 뷮 հ Ī 뷮 ϴ ʿ䰡 ִ. 뷮ȭ ʿ ̽ Ͱ ӿ ̿ϴ Ʈ ϰ ִ. Ƽ ʹ ü ũ ϴ ϸ ü 1 ͷμ ۽Ű .
ɿ ؼ ISP ̿ϴ IGP(Interior Gateway Protocol) ISP ӿ ̿ϴ EGP(Exterior Gateway Protocol) ִ.
IGPδ ַ OSPF(Open Shortest Path First) IS-IS(Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System) ϳ õǾ ̿ǰ EGPμ BGP(Border Gateway Protocol) ̿ǰ ִ. Ʈũ Ըȭʿ ̵ ս ISP Ǵ 踦 ϰ ִ.
δ ؽÿ Ŷ IGP ð Ǵ ǰ ִ. EGP ISP ܺ Ʈ ȴ. üδ ̳ 켱 ϸ BGP Ӽ ȴ.
ü ߿ ε Ϲδ 麻 Ʈũμ ȴ. Ʈ Ǵ 찡 ߴ ʰ Ʈ ֵ ϰ ִ Ŀ ִ.
2. ̾ 2
̸ ϴ ̾ 2 ϴ (Ү) ̼ ַ ǰ ִ. ⰡƮ ̼ ǥȭ Ϸ ISP 麻 θ Եǰ ִ. 10G ̼ݿ ؼ ǥȭ Ϸǰ ǰ ̹ ϰ ִ ̴. ó ̼ LAN ߴ. ⰡƮ ̼ݿ ̸ Ÿ 10G ̼ WAN ̿ ° 翡 ԵǾ ִ. ̷ ̾ 2 LAN̳ WAN ̴.
ISP (Ү) ӿ ̵μ ⰡƮ ̼ ġ ϱ FDDI(Fiber Distributed Data Interface) ̿ǰ ־. FDDI μ 100Mbps ȭ ʾұ ̼ݿ ֿ ڸ 纸ϰ Ǿ. FDDI 尣 ؿ ؼ ̾ 2 ȯ Ͼ ŷڼ Ȯǰ ־. FDDI RPR(Resilient Packet Ring) SDH/SONET ŷڼ ǥ ̾ 2 ο ۱̴. ۷θ Ͽ 50msec ̳ ȯ ϰ ؼ ϴ ǥ ϰ ִ. θ ϸ ɰ 뿪 Ҵ翡 ȿ ̿ Ư¡̴.
IEEE802.17 ǥȭ ۾ ǰ 2003 3 ǥȭ Ǿ ִ. RPR Ʈο ȿ̸ IP ̾ 3 ۻ ƴ϶ ̾ 2 뵵 δ.
3. MPLS(Multi Protocol Label Switching)
1990 Ĺ ͳ Ʈ ұϰ ս Ȳ Ʈũ ھ Ī óϴ ȵǾ. Cell Switch Router, Tag Switching, IP Switching ϸ ĪϿ Ī ̶ θ. ͳ ǥȭ IETF(Internet Engineering Task Force) ǥȭ ۾ Ǿ MPLSμ ⺻ κ ǥȭ Ϸǰ ִ.
̷ν ȭ Ǿ ȭ ؾ Ѵٴ ǹ ̿ ġϴ ̿ ø̼μ TE(Traffic Engineering) VPN(Virtual Private Network) ߴ.
TE ϴ ͳ Ʈȿ ؼ Ʈũ ϰ Ʈ óϴ° ϴ ̴. ̰ 麻 ATM ϰ ִ ISPμ ATM н Ʈũ ϴ 2 μ ſ ʿ ̾. ATM Ʈ ʿ ̿ н ν ϰ Ʈ ְ ̶ ִ.
ݴ н ν 尡 ũ Ǵ ־. 麻 ȸ ⰡƮ Ŭ Ǹ ATM ư Ǵ ־. ̵ غϴ μ MPLS TE ߵǾµ Ը 麻 ϰ ִ ̽ 쿡 ϸ ȴ.
MPLS ̿ VPN ͳ 麻 Ʈũ μ ϱ ̴. 쳻 ġ ȣȭ ΰ ͳ Ͽ VPN ϴ CPE(Customer Premise Equipment : óġ) VPN ؼ Ʈũʿ VPN ϱ ɸ̳ ִٰ . IETF PPVPN(Provider Provisioned VPN) WG ǥȭ ۾ ǰ ִ.
ֱ VPN 캸 MPLS-VPN ̿ϴ IP DZ ݿ ʰ 뿪 ̼ ̿ VPN εǰ ̿ 뵵 õ ϰ ǰ ִ. ̼ ̾ 2 Ʈũ ̸ MPLS ȣ ϴ ̾ 2 VPN ϰ ִ.
GMPLS(Generalized MPLS)
ֱ Ʈũ 뷮ȭ Ǹ鼭 ̿ ϱ ؼ ͻ ƴ϶ DWDM̳ OADM, OXC ս ̿ϴ ǰ ִ.
MPLS ȭ SDH/SON ET TDM ƴ϶ Ī GMPLS ִ. MPLS LSP(Label Switched Path) ̿ н ϰ IP 巹ٰ ƴ϶ IP 巹 ؼ н ̿Ͽ Ŷ ϴ ̴. GMPLS MPLS н ̾ Ȯ•Ų ̴.
Ư GMPLS ߿ MPLS н ſ ̿ϴ MPS θ. Ǵ ǥȭ ۾ ؼ ITU-T, OIF(Optical Internetworking Forum), IETF CCAMP(Common Control and Measurement Plane)WG IPO(IP over Optical) WG 䰡 ǰ ִ.
GMPLS DWDM OADM, OXC Ǿ •ȯ IP սŲ ̴. ̰ ũ Ǿ ִ.
ATM IP Ʈũ GMPLS ϳ ڽμ ̿ϴ ̴. ̽ GMPLS ̰ UNI(User Network Interface) ӵǾ GMPLS ° Ǵ ̴.
GMPLS κ OXC Ʈũ ϴ 쿡 GMPLS ʿ ʴ´.
Ǿ GMPLS ÷ο OXC ƴ϶ ֺ ̽ ȴ. ̽ NNI(Network Node INterface) ӵǴ ° ȴ.
̿ ̽ Ʈũ ÿ ϴ ȴ. NNI ̽ ַ ITU-T, UNI ̽ ؼ OIF ǥȭ ۾ ǰ ִ.
GMPLS ÷ΰ ÷ иϴ 㰡ϰ LSP ȭ ϰ ִ. LSP LSP ͳʸϿ ̿ϴ ϴ. ̿ LSP LSP ν ȿ ̿ ִ.
MPLS н ĺڴ ̾ GMPLS Բ ̳ Ÿӽ ĺڿ ʿϴ. ̿ ϱ ؼ LMP Ҹ ̿Ѵ.
ǰȭ 2001 ֵ ÿ ִ Ը ڶϴ ̱ ȸ SUPERCOMM2001 Ϻ NTT ̷Ʈũ Ұ MPLS (HIKARI ) ߴ.
̰ MPS н , ȯ ɰ Բ MPLS Ϳ ְ 뷮 IP ý̴.
GMPLS ǰδ Calient Networks DiamondWave Corvis Optical Convergence Switch(OCS) ǰȭǾ ִ. Ⱓ 뷮ȭ ؼ GMPLS ȴ.
IPv6 •
1. IPv6
ͳ Ȯ뿡 ַ ǰ ִ IPv4 IP 巹 巡 ȴ. IPμ IPv6 ǥȭ ǰ ִ. IPv6 Ư¡δ Ʈ ִ.
•IP 巹 Ȯ • • ȭ, ȭ •÷ ÷ •ťƼ ǽð Ȯ ǥ
IPv6 ⺻ ɿ ǥȭ ϷǾ ִ.
Ϳ 忡 ؼ 簡 Ͽ ̹ IPv6 ϰ ִ ǰ 忡 ̰ ִ.
IPv6 巹 ̿ ΰ ΰ ̿ ִ 巹 ִ. 巹 6bone(IPv6 Ʈũ) ̿Ǹ, 116 ҴǾ ִ.
巹 RIR(Regional Internet Registry : ͳ Ʈ) Ҵ ϸ 2002 4 135 ҴǾ ִ. 巹 Ҵ ƽþ : 52, Ƹī : 26, : 57 Ǿ ƽþƿ ռ ִ.)
巹 ô ȿ ø ÷ ϱ RIR ߽ 䰡 ǰ ִ.
巹 ÿ ʱ Ҵ 巹 /35̴. ҴǴ 巹 /48̱ /35 Ҵ ִ 8192 Ҵ ִ. IPv4 ϸ 8192 ̴. ʱ Ҵ 巹 /35 /32 Ȯڴ RIR 䰡 ǰ ִ.
2. Ȳ
ܸ Ȳ IPv6 ǥȭ Ϸ ⺻ κ ۽ ǻ ۷ ý ϰų ø̼ǿ ϴ ǰ ִ. Ʈũ Ȳ ͳʸ Ƽ Ǵ μ ǰ ִ.
ͳʸ IPv4 Ŷ ̿Ͽ IPv6 ĸϴ ̴. IPv6 Ʈũ Ӱ غ ʰ IPv4 Ʈũ ̿Ͽ IPv6 ִ Ʈ ִ. ͳʸ ũ ؼ IPv4 ϱ ŷڼ ϴ ִ. Ƽ IPv6 ״ ó ִ ̴. Ŀ 2001 11 ͳʸ ̺긮 ϱ ϰ ִµ ̰ IPv4 ̿ϰ ִ ؼ ΰ ϴ · ǰ ִ.
̺긮 IPv4 ͳ ȸμ ̼ ̿ϰ ִ ȸ IPv6 øϿ ̿ ִ Ư¡ ̴. Ʈ ȸ IPv4 IPv6 ġ غϿ IPv4 IPv6 ̾ 3 иν IPv4 ؼ ǰ ְ ̴.
IPv4 IPv6 ϸ IPv4 ϸ鼭 IPv6 ̿ ִ.
̻ ε 麻 Ʈũ ֱ ؼ Ұߴ. ͳ ߽ ϴ Ʈũ εȭ WDM̳ OXC ӵ ȴ. Ư OXC ̿Ǵ ġ Ȱѵ GMPLS ü Ʈũȭ ǥ ϰ ִ.
̷ ̽ ͳ Ӱ ̼ ǰ ִ. εȭ ȴ.
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