Category Article
[Ư] FDTD ؼ
2009-09-04

FDTD ؼ




Ϻ () ȣ ¼ 迭 2ȸ öž ġ κ̴.
̷ Ϻ öž ġ , öž ȣ ̿ ߻ϴ ַ ƴ öž Ǵ ȴ. Ϻ ҳ ؼ öž Ǵ Ȯ ϴ ߿ϸ, ̿ ̷. öž ü̱ , ü ؼϱ ȸηδ Ȯ ؼ Maxwell Ŀ ٿ ڰ ؼ ʿϰ ƴ. ؼ ش ϴ Maxwell ġ Ǯ ġڰ ؼ ϰ ƴ.
ġڰ ؼ  FDTD(Finite Difference Time Domain Method : ð) Maxwell ⺻ ڹĿ Ÿ ð ̺ ״ ٲ㼭 ϱ ܼ ǰѴ. s, ð t ǥ , ڰ ǥ ð ǥ s/2 , t/2ŭ ڷ ϸ, п ߽ ̿Կ t/2 ڰκ 踦, t/2 κ ڰ踦 ϸ鼭 ִ. FDTD Ʈ ٸ ϱ , ġ پ ٷ Թڿ ġڰ ؼ ϳ̴.

FDTD ؼ ذå

FDTD ׳ ؼ, ũ ؼо߿ ߴ ؼ̱ , ̵ о߿ ʿ ؼ ؼ ̷ Դ. ؼ FDTD 쿡 ̷ ؼ ִ. ׷ ؼ Ư ϱ ̸ ذϱ ̷ Դ.

1. ü
FDTD ̿ ؼ ٵ ̾ ü ü Ѵ. 뼳 ؼ ̳ , ö ϱ , Ϲ ๰ؼ ๰ ö̳ ö ϱ ؼ ü Ǵ ʼҰϴ. FDTD ü ϰ ϱ ׳ ؼ, ũ ؼ о߿ Դ. ٸ ̵ о߿ ü Ի ̶ ϴ ð Ȯϰ ϴ ָ Ѵ. , ؼ ü ϴ ĸ ؼϴ ߿ϱ , ¿ а () Ǵ Ȯ ǰ ̴ָ. < (1)> ̳ ߿ ü Ȯ ȭϱ ϰ ִ. s, ü r̶ m


Ͽ ֺ 4 踦 ̿ϴ m, ѷ 4 ֹ ڰ 1/m Կ  ǥѴ. () ȭŰ ʱ Ǵ ӵ ʴ Ư¡ ִ. < (1)> ˷̴ ̳ ̸ ȭѼ Ǵ ̿ FDTD ùķ̼ ġ ش. < (2)> ҿ ü ӿ ż ü Ȯϰ ǥϴ ϰ ִ. ҿ ü 쿡 ؼ ġ Ѵ.

2. ü
ǥ迡 ǰ FDTD , κ 뼺 ǥ谡 ǰ ִ. ǥ踦 ̿ , x, y, z ǥ  ü شϴ ֺ 踦 0 ǥ ִ. x, y, z ǥ൵ ü 쿡 ֺ ٻ ϵ Ư ʿϴ. ٻ縦 쿡 ü ΰ ׷ DZ ̺ٵ ܰ ӵ ϰ ƴ. ׷ < (3)> ü ǥ࿡ 絵 ȭŲ ̽ ܰ ӵ ϴ , 簡 ִ밡 Ǵ 쿡 ӵ ϰ 14% ߰ߴ. θ İ 2 Ұ ġ κп ϴ ڰ 忡 ܼ ܰ ݼӵ ϴ ϵ ߴ. < (4)> ﰢ ̿ ü ϴ ϰ ִ. 2 翡 ۿ ܰ ӵ ϸ ȿ̴.

3. ü
ؼ ü ٷ ʿ䰡 ִ. ؼ ҿ ʿ䰡 ִ. < (5)> ü ̿ ü ϴ ϰ ִ. < (4)> ü ̿ ü 뱸 ü ؼ ϰ ִ. 忡 ü ̿ 쿡 ٸ ü е ü ̿ϸ ùٸ Ǵ Ÿ´. ׿ Բ ü ̿ 쿡 ð ǰ ϱ Courant ̳ ü ̿ ؼ 並 ϰ ִ. ü 뱸 ü ؼ GIS( ġ) ũ ϴ ؼ ִ.

4.
ؼ ʿ Ư ŷеȴ. ȯ ӵ 1/3 ˰ , (Գ) 𵨷 ü ̿ϸ ȯ Ӱ ϰ . ׷ δϽ ϰ, δϽ ġ ȭŴν ȯ ӵ ִ < (6)> ȵǰ ִ. 忡 ũ⸦ Ķͷμ ӵ δϽ ġ 踦 Ȯ ϰ , ӵ ־ δϽ ġ ִ.
() ٸ κ κп ݻ ̹ ˰ ִ 쳪, θ ټ ΰ ӵ ٶ ġ ǵ (励)ϴ и𵨵 ȿ ִ.
̷ ()е ؼ Ȯ ū ǥ(JEC 0102-1994) ̶ ϰڴ. ȭƿ Ƿڱ ȭ, ġμ , κй Ҿ, پ · ҿ EMTP ؼ ϰ ġϰ ǽ, ν LIWV UHV ⿩ߴ. <׸ 3> LIWV õ ̴.

5. ؼ ε
FDTD ؼ ڰ踦 ϱ ٷ ޸𸮸 ʿ Ѵ. ޸ ̿ ð о߿ ߿ ̴. Ư ؼ о߿ ũԴ ο ۰Դ ÿ ٷ ʿ䰡 ֱ ؼ ϸ ū ٷ ߻Ѵ.
׷ ƴ ε ؼ ϴ оߴ ϰ, ׷ оߴ ũ ϴ ̿ǰ ִ. < (7)> FDTD ˰ F1(Finite Integral Technique : й) ε Ǵ ߴ. ٹ游 ϰ ν Ȯϰ ǥ԰ ÿ ޸ ð ϰ, ġϴ ִ ƴ. < (8)> FDTD ̿ ؼ ؼ ε ٹ ϰ ν ȿ е ִ ϴٰ Ÿ. Դٰ < (9)> ε ü ǿ ؼ , ̿ ż 帣 κ  ߴ. 뷫 100m100m100m ؼ ܸ 8 ü е ϴ Ͽ ȣ ġ ̴

FDTD ؼ

1. ؼ
FDTD ؼ ʴ < (10)> ؼ̴. 忡 <׸ 1> (a) Ÿ ġ (<׸ 1-b> ) FDTD ؼ(<׸ 1-c> ) , ϰ ġ Ȯ ִ.



2. öž ؼ
< (11)> FDTD ̿ 500 öž 볪 ֵ (), ׷ ؼ ٷ ִ(öž ڴ <׸ 5> ). <׸ 2> ž 迡 ̴. 뷫 ܻ ž ϰ ִ. Ư ߿ ִġ 2% ġѴ. < (11), (12)> ̿ ȯ ӵ 1/3 Ͽ öž ȣ Ÿ´.



3. ؼ
ϴ е ùķ̼ ϱ ؼ 𼱻 ȣ ȸ ȣ ο ʿϴ. EMTP ̿ ؼ ̷ , FDTD ̿ϸ ü Էϴ ͸ ڵ ȴ. <׸ 3> (a)  1/10 ۼ Ա ޽ б ̴. <׸ 3> (b) ̰ FDTD ġѴ.



4. ؼ
ϴ ȯ Ŀ ٹ ̴. ؼ̶ ҿ ü ؼϴ FDTD ϴ. < (6), (8), (13)> ؼ FDTD ̿, ߴ.

5. ڰ ؼ
ڱⰡ ʿ ڰ  ۵ ָ ް ִ. < (14)~(16)> <׸ 4> (a) Ÿ ó ๰ ö ̿ ๰ ο ߻ϴ ڰ ؼ ̷. <׸ 4> (b), (c) ๰ 𵨿 <׸ 4> (a) 缱 Ÿ ߻ ڰ谭 FDTD 꿡 ̴.
 ð( ߻κ 25 ) Ÿ, ð ִϸ̼ ǥ÷ Ÿ ġѴ.



FDTD ̿ ؼ ʸ Ұ, FDTD ؼ ǿ Ϸ . Ȳ Ǵ ϸ .

ü ǿ



ü ̿ , 10%ٵ ü Ϸ ϸ Ҿϰ ȴ. ġ Ҿ ϱ ȭϰ ü ۰ ϸ ޸ ð ʿ ϰ ȴ.

εҿ
ġ ϱ ؼ ð t s Courant ų ʿ䰡 ִ.



, ׸(Grid) л꿡 纯 ּҰ ȴ. ġ Ȯϸ鼭 ּȭϱ t 纯 Ȱ õȴ. 쿡 ó t ϸ , ε 쿡 ҿ s ٸ t . μ ε ׸ л꿡 Ȯ ʴ.

޿
ؼ Ƿڱ⳪ ٷ ; , ̵ ΰп Ǵ ȭŰ ̴. ׷ ǥ FDTD Ҹ ԽŰ κ ġ Ҿ ߻Ѵ.
̻ о߿ տ ذϴ ߽ ̷ Ѵ. ̸ ׸ ذϴ ؼü , 迡 óϴ ε 򰡿 е , ذ FDTD Ҹ ġ ϴ ؾ ̴߽.
ǿ 鿡 ҿ ħ (Ȥ ܷα ߻ ) м,  Ǵ ̳ ؼ̶ ϴ ġ ȭ ؼ . ̿ ǿ ؼ Է ۾ ȿȭϴ ׷ ̽ ߵ ߿ ִ. <׸ 5> Ϻ ߾ӿҿ ׷ ̽ տ 500 öž ü Ÿ ̴.



FDTD ̿ ؼ ߻ϴ ذå 캽 ÿ, ذ ʸ Ұϰ ؼ ߴ. FDTD ؼ ϴ ٶ̴.

[]

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(7) ⡡: й ؼ, 17Ҵ 7-090.
(8) ˪ ˪ ة ˪ Գ: (ʭ) ޽ ̿ ؼ, ۯ , ED-05-126, SP-05-64, HV-05-68 (2005)
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(13) Y. Baba and V. A. Rakov : Voltages Induced on an Overhead Wire by Lightning Strikes to a Nearby Tall Grounded Object, IEEE Trans. Electromagnetic Compatibility, Vol. 48, No. 1, pp. 212-224 (2006-2)
(14) R. Yonezawa, K. Miyajima, T. Noda, S. Yokoyama, Y.
Takahashi : Measurement of Magnetic Field Distribution inside 3-D Structure Due to Lighting Current and Its FDTD Simulation, Proc. IWHV(Int. Workshop on High Voltage eng.) 2003, ED-03-38, SP-03-27,HV-03-27 (2003)
(15) , ȭ ȸ , Ű ߾ ó-ָ ҷ ڰ å, 2005Ҵ125
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